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【经典】高一英语知识点总结
总结是指对某一阶段的工作、学习或思想中的经验或情况加以总结和概括的书面材料，他能够提升我们的书面表达能力，不妨坐下来好好写写总结吧。总结怎么写才能发挥它的作用呢？下面是小编为大家收集的高一英语知识点总结，希望能够帮助到大家。
一、重点句型
1. What should a friend be like?询问对方的看法
2. I think he / she should be…表示个人观点的词语
3. I enjoy reading / I'm fond of singing / I like playing computer games.等表示喜好的词语
4. Chuck is on a flight when suddenly his plane crashes.
“when"作并列连词的用法
5. What / Who / When / Where is it that...?强调句的
特殊疑问句结构
6. With so many people communicating in English everyday,
... “with+宾语+宾补”的`结构做状语
7. Can you tell me how to pronounce...?带连接副词
(或代词)的不定式做宾补的用法
高一英语必修1知识点短语大全
1.because of因为……(注意和because的区别)
2.even if(=even thoug)即使，用来引导让步状语从句
3.come up走上前来，走近，发生，出现come up with追上，赶上，提出
4.communicate with sb和某人交流
5.be different from…与……不同
be different in…在……方面不同
Most of my projects are different in performance.我多数作品的演奏风格都不同。
6.be based on以……为基础
7.at present目前，眼下for the present眼前;暂时
8.make(good/better/full)use of
9.the latter后者the former前者
10.a large number of大量的the number of…的数量
11.such as例如
12.hold on坚持住，握住不放;(打电话时)等―会
13.…you will hear the difference in the way(that/in which)people speak.
你会听出人们在说话时的差异。
14.play a role/part(in)在…中担任角色;在…中起作用;扮演一个角色
15.the same…as…与……一样
16.at the top of…在…顶上
at the bottom of在……底部
17.bring up教养，养育;提出
18.request sb(not)to do sth.要求某人做/不要做某事
19.be satisfied with…对……感到满意，满足于
20.suggest v.(request，insist…)
I suggested you do what he says.我建议你按照他说的去做。
I suggest you not go tomorrow.我想你明天还是不要去了。
His pale face suggested that he was in bad health.他苍白的脸色暗示了他身体不好。
注意：insist意思为“坚持要求”时后面的that从句用虚拟语气;如果insist意为“强调，坚持认为”的时候，从句可以用任何所需要的时态。例如：She insisted that she didn’t tell a lie.她坚持认为她没撒谎。
21.according to…按照…根据…
英语高一必修1知识点大全
1. Whichever and whatever you like, there is a theme park for you!
2. With all these attractions, no wonder tourism is increasing wherever there is a Disneyland.
3. To enter a world of fantasy about ancient England, come to Camelot Park!
4. Futuroscope is not only for individuals, but is also the perfect mix of fun and learning for class outings.
5. If driving, Futuroscope is within easy reach of the freeway.
6. Visit the candy shop to try the same kind of candy that American southerners made 150years ago, or take a ride on the only steam engine train still working in the …
7. After that, joined some drivers and went to the bottom of the ocean to see the strange blind creatures that have never seen sunlight.
Visitors can get close to parts of the world they have never experienced, going to the bottom of the ocean, flying through the jungle or visiting the edges of the solar system
高一英语必修一重要知识点总结
(一)、some与any的用法
1.some用于肯定句以及表示建议或期待得到肯定回答的'问句。修饰单数名词时，意为某个。如：I have some questions about the assignment. (希望得到肯定答复)。
2. any用于否定句和疑问句时，表示一些。用于肯定句时，只和单数名词或不可数名词连用，表示任何。如：The medicine is on sale every where. You can get it at any chemist?s.
(二) 、 each与every的用法
1. each强调个体，表示两个或两个以上中的每一个，在句中可充当主语、宾语、定语和同位语。如：There are trees and flowers at each side of the road.
2. every强调整体，表示三者或三者以上中的每一个，只能作定语，不能说every of them，要说every one of them .Every student in our class works hard.
(三)、 no one与none的用法
1. no one意为没有人，只能指人，不能指物，不可与介词of连用，谓语动词用单数形式，回答who引导的问句。如：Who is in the classroom? No one.
2. none既可指人，也可指物，强调数量，意为一点也不，一个也不;谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数;常与of连用，通常指三者以上的人或物中没有一个，回答how much和how many引导的问句。如：They were all tired，but none of them would stop to have a rest.
四、 other，another，others，any other，the other的用法
1. know of /about 了解,知道关于 2. leave work 下班
3. make great achievements 取得巨大进步 4. even if/though 即使,甚至
5. in sight /out of sight /lose sight of 6. make sense (of ) 知道,了解;有意义
7. watch out (for)注意,小心/ on watch 站岗 8. be frozen with/by被..惊呆
9. wish (for) sb to do 希望去做 10. pay back / off /for
11. be linked to / be related to 和有关 12. hold sb. still 使.一动不动
13. make the best(most) of /make full use of 14. breathe in吸进/take in吸进;理解,吸收
15. cant help doing /to do
17. warm (sb.)up 18. all of a sudden
19. make progress 20. bang into撞上
22. glance at /stare ( up ) at /glare at 23. set off(for/towards) 起程或出发去
24. second to none 最好 32. reach out for sth 伸手去够
33. rest on/upon sth 搭在上 34. be grateful to sb for sth 由于..感激.
35. have .in common 36. match A with B
37. in some cases在某些情况下 38. look up to 敬仰.
39. make ones way to 前进,去 40. compared to /with
41.feed on(upon) /feedwith 42. focus on /upon
43.take turns to do / (at) doing 44.in panic 害怕的,恐惧的
45.die of /from 46.speak /think highly of sb.
47. be related/linked to 和有关 48. have .to do with
50. rather than而不是 51. turn down 把(音量)调小;拒绝
52. turn around环顾四周 53. in the distance 在远处
54. be known as/for/to
定冠词的用法
1.表示特定的人或物
2.表示地球、宇宙中独一无二的`事物，主要指各种天体及世界上比较有影响的物体。
The sun，the moon，the earth
3.表示地点、方向、时间、方式等 at the corner 在拐角处
1) 在表示季节的名词前常不用冠词。 In spring 在春天
2) 具体某年的某个季节，需用冠词。
In the summer of the year20xx
3)用于序数词或形容词的级前 the first the second
4)用于形容词前使其名词化 the rich the poor
5)用于复数姓氏前，表示夫妇‖或全家 The Smiths
6)用于乐器名词前 Play the piano
重点单词讲解。
(1)add
① add …to…把…添加…/把…加起来
② add up to共计，总共
③ add to增添
(2)upset
过去式：upset过去分词：upset现在分词：upsetting
adj.心烦意乱的，不安的，不适的
be upset about/over为某事心烦、不安
be upset that心烦
vt.使不安，使心烦
It upsets sb that让某人心烦的是
It upsets sb to do sth做某事使某人不安
(3)concern
vt.使担心，顾虑，涉及，关系到
n.担心，关注，利害关系
①as far as sb/sth + be concerned就某人而言，对于某人来说
as far as I am concerned就我而言，对于我来说
as far as he is concerned对他来说
as far as English is concerned关于英语，对于英语
②be concerned about/for关心，挂念
have no concerned about/for
③be concerned in/with涉及到，与…有关
have no concerned in/with
(4)go through
①经历，遭受，忍受go through one difficulty after another.经历一个又一个困难。
②仔细检查，审查go through your paper检查你的试卷。
③浏览，翻阅go through all the related reference.浏览相关资料。
④通过，穿过=pass through go through a great forest.穿过一片大森林。
⑤完成go through the task.完成任务。
(5)suffer
①suffer作“遭受”时，后面直接接pain, loss, injury, harm或punishment.
②suffer作“受…苦”时，常常搭配：suffer from
(6)get/be tired of厌烦…
get/be/feel tired of sb / sth / doing sth厌烦
be tired from由于…而疲劳(体力上的疲劳)，侧重原因
be tired out精疲力竭的
(7)join in参加，加入
区别join ,join in ,attend与take part in：
join：多指加入组织，团体，党派等，有作为其中一员的意思。例：join the army参军
join in：参加某项游戏，活动，讨论等。常用结构：join sb in
例：Will you join us in a walk?
attend：参加会议，婚礼，葬礼，上课，讲座，听报告等。
例：attend a lecture参加一个讲座。
take part in：多指参加群众性的活动，运动，战争等。
例：take part in the march.
虚拟条件句
条件状语从句是非真实情况，在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。
l-条件从句与现在事实不一致，句型为：If+主语十过去时，tiag+should (could，would，或might)+动词原形，例如：If l were you，1 would study hard.
2.条件从句与过去事实不一致，句型为：If+主语+had+过去分词，主语+should(could, would，或might)+have+过去分词，例如：If I had not studied hard.1would have failed in the exam last term
3.条件从句与将来事实不一致，句型为：lf+主语+should/were to+do，主语+should( could.)+原形do，例如：If l were to go to the moon one day,I could see itwith my own eyes.
注意：
1.If条件句中绝对不可出现“would”。
2-根据句中的时间状语，有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况，即主句可能是现在的情况，条件句也许是发生在过去的情况，但都遵守上述句型。
3.在条件句中如果出现were，had，should可省去if'
将这些词提前置于句首构成倒装，例如：w。re I to go tothe moon one clay,1 would see it with my own eyes.如果有一天我登上月球，我就可以亲眼目睹它的样子了。
直接引语和间接引语
(一)直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语;用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。
1.时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said, asked等的'影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时，等等。例如：
Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.”
→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.
2.人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化：根据意义进行相应的变化，例如：
She asked Jack,“Where have you been?”
→She asked Jack where he had been.
He said,“These books are mine.”
→He said that those books were his.
(二)直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。直接引语如果是一般疑问句，用连接词whether或if;如果是特殊疑问句，则用疑问词引导间接引语。转述的动词一般用asked，可以在其后加上一个间接宾语me, him, her, us等。如：
She said,“Is your father at home?”
→She asked me if/whether my father was at home.
“What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me.
→My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.
直接引语如果是祈使句，改为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据原句的语气(即请求或命令)加上ask, tell, order等动词，如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加not。其句型为：ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something.例如：
She said to us,“Please sit down.”
→She asked us to sit down.
He said to him,“Go away!”
→He ordered him to go away.
He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”
→He told the boys not to make so much noise.
raise vt.“使……上升;升起;提高”等;
rise vi.“上升;升起”;
arise vi.“站起来(stand up)”，“起床(get up)”
rise和arise用作站起，起床都属正式用法;arise主要表示“出现、发生”等意思。
She raised her voice in anger. (抬高)
The wind raised the fallen leaves from the ground. (刮起)
The child rose from the ground and ran to his mother. (=The child raised himself from the ground and ran to his mother.) (爬起)
She rises before it is light. (起床)
Difficulties will arise as we do the work. (出现)
重点短句
1. be good to对......友好be good for对......有益;be bad to…/be bad for…
2. add up加起来增加add up to合计，总计
add… to把......加到......
3. not…until/till意思是“直到…才”
4. get sth/sb done使......完成/使某人被......
5. calm down平静下来
6. be concerned about关心关注
7.当while, when, before, after等引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时，可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。
While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose.
8. cheat in the exam考试作弊
9. go through经历;度过;获准，通过
10. hide away躲藏;隐藏1
1. set down写下，记下
12. I wonder if…..我不知道是不是…. 12. on purpose故意
13. sth happen to sb某人发生某事
sb happen to do sth某人碰巧做某事it so happened that ......正巧碰巧
14. It is the first (second…) that… (从句谓语动词用现在完成时)
15. in one’s power处于......的控制之中
16. It’s no pleasure doing….做…..没有乐趣
It’s no good/ use doing sth.做某事是没好处/没用的
17. She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place. it做形式宾语
18. suffer from患…病;遭受19. so…that… /such…thay…
20. get tired of….对…感到劳累疲惫
21. have some trouble with sb/sth.在......上遇到了麻烦22. get along with sb/sth.与某人相处
23. ask(sb)for advice. (向某人)征求建议
24. make后接复合宾语，宾语补足语须用不带to的不定式、形容词、过去分词、名词等。常见的有以下几种形式:
make sb. do sth.让(使)某人做某事make sb. /sth. +adj.使某人/物…
make sb./ oneself +v-ed让某人/自己被…
When you speak, you should make yourself understood. make sb.+n.使某人成为…
25. alone /lonely.单独的/孤独的
1.While still a student, she played roles in many plays.
连词+名词做时间状语
2.When asked about these cretof his success,Steven Spiel bergsaid…连词+过去分词做时间状语
3.When drinking to someone's health, you raise your glasses.连词+现在分词做时间状语
4.It's acustom in China to have some tea before them ealisserved.It做形式主语
5.Many people like this film not just because…，but also
because…并列连词
6.Having good table manners means knowing…
一、知识点
1. A great person is a someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.
伟人是把自己的生命奉献给帮助别人的人。
(He started to study ecology and decided to devote his whole life to the science.他开始研究生态学，并决心将他的一生献身于这门科学。He devoted himself entirely to music.他将一生奉献给了音乐。)
2. fight against对抗，反对，与……作斗争
We are all brothers in the same fight against injustice.在共同反对非正义行为的斗争中,我们都是同志.
People often have to fight for their liberty.人们往往不得不为自由而战。
He and his wife are always fighting about who will take after the children.他与他妻子总是在为由谁来照看孩子而吵架。
3. He worked selflessly in China as a doctor and saved many Chinese soldiers.作为一个医生他无私地在中国工作，并且拯救了很多中国战士。
4. He strongly believed in the three principles: nationalism; people’s rights; people’s livelihood.他主张三民主义：民主、民权、民生。
5. be free from免于，不受
A judge must be free from prejudice.法官必须不抱成见。
6. in a peaceful way以和平的方式
7. be in prison入狱，在狱中服刑in the prison在监狱
8. the same…as…和……一样
9. the first man to land on the moon第一个登上月球的人
10. The time when I first met him was a very difficult period of my life.第一次见到他的时候是在我一生中非常艰难的时期。(定语从句)
11. He was generous with his time,for which I was grateful.他十分慷慨地给予我时间，我为此非常感激。(He is generous with his money.他花钱大方。I am grateful to you for helping me.感谢你的帮助。Our grateful thanks are due to you.我们衷心感谢你。)
12. have little education受的教育少
13. I could not read or write well.我既不会读也不会写。
14. I worried about whether I would become out of work.我担心我是不是会失业。
15. I became more hopeful about my future.我对自己的未来充满了希望。(I am hopeful that she will come tomorrow.我对她明天要来抱着希望。)
16. as soon as I could尽快，马上
17. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. (定语从句)过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。 (The 19th century saw many changes.许多变革发生于19世纪。at an early stage in our history在我们的历史早期)
18. …we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。
19. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。(Only位于句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句时，句子采用部分倒装的`语序;修饰状语从句时，只有主句采用部分倒装的语序。
如：① Only in this way can you come up with a solution to the problem.只有这样，你才能想出解决这个问题的办法。
② Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.叫了三次他才来参加会议。
③ Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.病的很重时，他才卧床休息。
Only then did I realize my mistake.直到那时我才知道我的错误.)
can't help doing sth.
can't help doing sth.禁不住做某事，不由得不做某事
She couldn't hep smiling.
[比较]
(1) can't help but do不得不……;不能不
When the streets are full of melting snow, you can't help but get your shoes wet.
(2) cannot but不能不，只能
He could not but feel disappointed.
[归纳]
(1) help (sb.) (to) do sth. Help me get him back to bed at once.
By helping them we are helping save ourselves.
(2) help...with sth.帮助……做某事
In those days he used to help her mother with her gardening.
(3) help oneself / sb. to sth.给自己/别人夹菜/拿烟等;擅自拿用
May I help you to some more vegetables?
(4) help...in sth.在……方面帮助某人
She offered to help Rose in the housekeeping when I am not here.
(5) help out帮忙(做事;克服困难等)
I've often helped Bob out when he's been a bit short of money.
as可作关系代词，引导定语从句。
1.as
as可以在限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句中作主语或宾语。
①在限制性定语从句中，as可跟在由suc, so, the same修饰的先行词之后。
Such men as heard him were deeply moved.听过他说话的人，都会深受感动。(as在定语从句中作heard的主语)
I've never heard such stories as he tells.我从未听过像他讲的这样的故事。(as在定语从句中作tell的`宾语)
He lifted so heavy a stone as no one else can lift.他搬起别人都搬不起的大石头。(as在定语从句中lift的宾语)
比较：
在the same
1. What would you like to see happen in the future.
2. Not only is every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma felt by viewer, but also the cold, the tiredness, the food, the smells, the sights and the sounds of the mountain can all be experience.
3. Upon reaching the top of the mountain, a feeling of happiness and a sense of achievement will be experienced.
4. RealCine works by making the viewers feel that they are actually in the film.
5. The movements of the headset indicate the direction in which the view wants to go.
6. In scientific studies it has been shown that VR can provide teenagers with another way to experience the world and make them work harder to make their dreams come true.
7.The teenager was made to think that he had scored the winning goal.
8. An argument has been put forward that some viewers will be disappointed by Realcine.
9. Firefighters could be trained using Realcine without the risk of sending them into a burining building.
10. It has been suggested that travel sickness should/can be reduced by using virtual reality.
11. This could be of great benefit to people and will be researched further.
12. Also, we need to buy new keyboards and mousse because many of the keyboards have letters missing.
13. If the PC (No.7) I was using had had a good keyboard, I would not have made so many mistakes.
14. He left university in order to concentrate on the writing.
15. The teacher wont mind you using the computer.
16. The Time Traveller journeys through millions of years, seeing even more alien creatures than before.
17. He finally stops thirty million years into the future and experiences a future time where the sun no longer shine brightly.
18. Scared and cold, the Time Traveller starts back towards the present.
19. Instead of waiting to be rescued, the three young people teach themselves astrophysics.
20. With the help of force from a black hole, the are able to guide the lost spaceship safely back to the Earth.
1) in search of = in the search for寻找
2) search for sb/ sth寻找某人/物
3) search for sb/ sth搜查以寻找某人/物
4) decorate sth with用装饰
5) decorate sth in/afterstyle按照风格装饰
6) decorate for为装饰
7) belong to属于
8) in return for作为回报，作为报答(原因)
9) no doubt无疑地，很可能
10) without (a) doubt无疑地
11) beyond doubt毫无疑问(常作插入语)
12) in doubt感到怀疑的
13) be worth doing sth值得做某事
14) take apart拆开
15) come/ fall apart崩溃，瓦解
16) apart from除了以外都，除去
17) in evidence明显的.，显而易见的
18) at the entrance to去的入口
19) think highly/much/a lot of高度赞扬/评价
20) think little/poorly of忽视，不重视
21) in the fancy style流行式样
22) at war处于交战状态
23) more/ less than多/少于
24) such an amazing history如此神奇的一段历史=so amazing a history
25) cultural relics文化遗产
26) develop an interest in培养对的兴趣
27) remain a mystery仍然是一个谜
28) a troop of his best soldiers他最好的一队士兵
29) celebrate the 300th birthday庆祝第300个生日
30) agree with this opinion赞同这个观点
31) see sth by the light of the moon借着光看见某物
32) the entrance to the mine矿洞的入口处
33) be used to do sth被用来做某事
34) in fact =as matter of fact事实上
35) add more details to添加更多细节到
36) care about关心
37) agree with sb同意某人的观点
38) rather than而不是
39) at midnight在午夜
40) to ones surprise令某人感到惊喜
1.be made up of/ consist of 3.pick up 4.lift up
5.contribute to 6.take control of/in(under)control/out of control
7.have a word with/have words with 8.depend on
9.get to the point切中要害 10.at one time /at a time
11.as a whole/on the whole 12.turn into /change.. into
13.stand for 14.what if.
15.bring sth. with sb 16.mixwith
17.be different from/ differ from ..in.. 18.be replaced with / by
19.even though/ if 20.share with..
21.have an impact/effect on 22.take up
23.result in/from 24.come true/live(realize) ones dream
25.undergo huge changes 26.look up
27.care about/for 28.make a decision
29.be due to 30.agree with/to /on
31.get along /on with 32.over time
33.combine ..and / with 35. concentrate on 注意.
36. put together 37. take into consideration考虑
38. in addition
1) from now/today/then/that time on自现在起/今天/那时/那时起
2) go by经过，依照，作为指南
3) go by sb/the law从某人旁边经过/遵守法律
4) let a chance go by放过机会
5) (time) go by (时光)流逝
6) go after/go over/go out追求/检查/熄灭
7) go all out/ go in for全力以赴/从事，酷爱
8) go through遭受
9) as a result结果，因此
10) as a result of作为的结果
11) with the result that结果是，因此
12) without result毫无结果
13) result from = lie in因引起
14) achieve ones goal实现某人的目
15) set a goal设定一个目标
16) a personal call亲自访问
17) ones personal view某人的'个人观点
18) personally speaking就个人而言
19) in a way = in one way在某种程度上
20) in no way一点也不，决不
21) in the/ones way挡道的，妨碍人的
22) all the way一直，自始至终
23) on the/ones way接近，在进行中，在路上
24) by the way顺便说
25) in this way用这种方式
26) in any way在任何方面
27) lead the way带路，引路
28) lose ones way迷路
29) make ones way前往，去
30) arise from/out of sth因某事物而产生
31) deal with处理，安排，与做买卖
32) do with处置，处理，利用
33) watch over看守，监守
34) watch out小心，当心
35) on watch值班
36) in ones opinion以某人的观点
37) with the help of在的帮助下
38) traffic signals交通信号灯
39) sothat如此以至于
40) human race人类
41) later on后来
42) be filled with充满，填满
43) get together聚会
44) make up编造
45) common sense常识
46) have sth in common with与有共同之处
47) to ones advantage对某人有利
48) consider sb as/to be考虑做为
49) consider doing sth考虑做某事
50) as time went by随着时间的推移
51) = with time going by
52) help sb with sth在某方面帮助某人
53) provide sb with sth把某物提供给某人
54) play against对抗
55) spoil ones free time破坏某人的空闲时间
56) mop the floors拖地
1.基础梳理
diary fare transport finally persuade stubborn organize source determine altitude reliable forecast beneath sightseeing insurance bend dream of/about doing sth persuade sb to do get sb interested in make one’s mind give up care for
be determined to do can’t wait/can hardly wait to do sth
2.词语归纳
1)transport
作动词，常和from…to…连用。
作名词，也可是transportation，表示“运输，运送；运输工具，交通车辆”。
常用词组：be transported with…情不自禁in transports of sth情不自禁
2)persuade
作动词，后常接指人的代词或者是名词。意为“劝说好某人”。
persuade sb to do sth “劝说某人做某事”。
persuade表示劝说是成功的，若表示劝而不服，不能用persuade，通常在其前加try to或者是want to，也可以用advise。
persuade sb into doing sth说服某人做某事persuade sb out of sth说服某人不要去做某事
persuade还可以表示“使某人相信”，常见用法：persuade sb that+从句persuade+of短语
be persuaded that+从句
3)insist
是动词，后接介词on+名词或者动名词，也可以加他that从句，表示“坚决，强调，坚持主张”，从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可以省略。
insist on后接动名词，如果有逻辑主语，可以用名词或者名词所有格，也可以用宾格形式，但不能用代词的主格形式。
insist还可以表示“坚持说，力言”，其后的宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
insist后面不能跟不定式。
determine
作及物动词，表示“决定”，只能跟名词或者不定式(短语)作宾语，不能跟动名词(短语)。
determine on/upon doing=be determined to do决定做某事
determine sb against sth使某人决定不做某事
determine和be determined后面都可以跟宾语从句
4)record
record sth(from sth)(on sth)将……录在……；录音，录像。
record作名词表示“记录，记载；唱片”。
keep record of记录下来。
just for the record供记录在案，为准确起见
off the record私下的，非正式的，不得发表的。
record作复数表示某人做事留下的痕迹，尤其是劣迹。
5)familiar
be familiar with和be familiar to都可以表示“熟悉”，但用法不同，前者的主语必须是人，后者的主语一般是物，但是宾语必须是人。
familiar有时还可以表示“随便的，不拘一格的”。
6)tavel trip journey tour和voyage的区别
travel泛指旅行，有各处旅行或者游历的意思。
journey通常指时间和距离都较长的路上旅行，有预定的地点。
voyage一般指长距离上的水上旅行，尤其指海上旅行，近来也可指飞机旅行。
trip指短期或者是短距离的旅行，有时在口语中也可以用作长途旅行，有回到出发地的意思，但是不含时间，目的，交通工具或者方式。
tour指周游，巡回旅游，常常是访问一系列的`地方后回到出发点。
7)dream of/about梦想……，梦见……；渴望，迫切希望。
8)graduate
作动词，表示“毕业”。graduate from表示“毕业于……”。
若表示从某个学科或者是专业毕业，要用介词in，若表示所获学位或者成绩时，常用as，with。
graduate作名词，意为“毕业生”。
9)prefer vi宁愿；较喜欢
prefer doing宁愿做某事prefer to do宁愿做某事prefer sb to do sth宁愿某人做某事
prefer sth to sth.宁愿……不愿…… prefer doing sth to doing sth宁愿做……而不愿做
prefer to do sth rather than to do宁愿做……而不愿意做某事
10)give的短语
give in屈服，让步；提出，递交
give away不小心透漏；赠送，免费给予
give back归还，恢复
give off放出，散发
give out分配，分发；用光，精疲力竭
give over交付，托付
give up放弃，认输
11)choose to do愿意，偏要，决定choose from/between从……中选择
choose sb+as/for选某人当…… choose sb sth =choose sth for sb为某人选某物
cannot choose but do只好做
12)pace vi.跨度n.一步，步调
set the pace定步速keep pace with sb赶上…… pace up and down来回踱步
13)强调句：It is被强调部分+that/who+句子其余的部分
a.含一般疑问句的强调句型：Is it+被强调不分+that/who+句子的其余部分
b.特殊疑问句的强调句型：疑问词+is/was it+that/who+句子的其余部分
c.原句结构师not…until…，强调until时，须把not until一起放到It was…that之间。
14)倍数表达
①倍数+the+名词+of
②倍数+as+adj/adv+as
③倍数+比较级+than
各种时态的被动语态
被动语态概述
被动语态的概念：它是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的执行或被执行关系。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river。被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river。
被动语态的构成
被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态等的不同而变化。几种常见时态的被动语态形式如下：
1、一般现在时am/is/are +过去分词
例如：Rice is planted in the south of China。
2、一般过去时was/were +过去分词
例如：These trees were planted the year before last。
3、一般将来时will/shall + be +过去分词
例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school。
4、现在进行时am/is/are + being +过去分词
例如：Your radio is being repaired now。
5、过去进行时was/were + being +过去分词
When he got there， the problem was being discussed。
6、现在完成时have/has + been +过去分词
His work has been finished。
Has his work been finished？ Yes， it has。 / No， it hasn’t。
7、过去完成时had + been +过去分词
注意：
1、除了be之外的其它系动词如get， stay等也可以和过去分词构成被动语态。例如：Their questions haven’t got answered。
2、含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态使用“情态动词+ be +过去分词”结构。例如：
More attention should be paid to the old in this country。
This work can’t be done until Mr。 Black comes。
3。含有“be going to”， “be to”等结构的谓语，其被动语态分别用“be going to + be +过去分词”和“be to + be +过去分词”。例如：
The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting。
All these books are to be taken to the library。
4、被动语态与系表结构的区别：“连系动词+用作表语的过去分词”构成的系表结构，与被动语态的'形式完全一样，所以应注意它们的区别。被动语态中的过去分词是动词，多强调动作；系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词，多强调状态。前者通常可用by引出动作的执行者，而后者则不可以。例如：
The map was changed by someone。（被动结构）
That custom remained unchanged for many centuries。（系表结构）
系表结构中的过去分词通常可被very修饰，被动语态中的过去分词往往要用much修饰。
例如：
He was very excited。（系表结构）
He was much excited by her words。（被动结构）
5。主动形式表被动意义。有些动词的主动形式有被动意味，如open， read， sell， shut， wash， wear， write等。此时句子的主语一般是物。例如：
These books sell well。这些书很畅销。
The door won’t shut。这门关不上。
The clothes wash well。这些衣服很好洗。
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